Niall Ferguson is a brilliant historian and commentator on current events. The following fragment of a sentence is from a recent article on the election. […the Covid vaccines that saved a significant number of older voters’ lives in 2021.] Ferguson’s topic is not the COVID vaccine, it’s politics. But he obviously thinks the vaccines were…
Chronic urticaria is defined as wheals (hives), angioedema (swelling), or both that has been continuously or intermittently present for at least 6 weeks, in contrast to acute urticaria which is an episode of less than 6 weeks duration. This condition is common affecting about half a million Americans. It has recently been the subject of…
Macular Degeneration (MD) affects central vision. It is most commonly observed in people over the age of 60. It is much more common in whites than in blacks or hispanics. Severity is divided into early, intermediate, and late types. The late type is additionally divided into “dry” and “wet” forms, with the dry form making up…
You may have heard of the controversy involving two boxers competing in the female division of the sport in the Paris Olympics. The issue causing the furor is whether the competitors are really female. The press reports state that previous testing has shown that the two have XY chromosomes and high levels of testosterone. They…
Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, Cardiovascular Disease Risk, and Mortality in China is a study published in the JAMA Open Network. It is remarkable for the number of subjects studied – 3, 789, 025 participants! They were categorized into low-risk, primary prevention, and secondary prevention cohorts based on their medical history and ASCVD (atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease) risk. The primary…
Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease that affects vertebrates. Human malaria causes symptoms that typically include fever, fatigue, vomiting, and headaches. In severe cases, it can cause jaundice, seizures, coma, or death. Symptoms usually begin 10 to 15 days after being bitten by an infected Anopheles mosquito. If not properly treated, people may have recurrences…
Sickle Cell Disease is a disorder caused by a single mutation that results in the production of Hemoglobin S. It is an autosomal dominant disease as it is not on a sex chromosome. If both parents possess the abnormal gene and each pass a copy to his/her offspring the child has sickle cell disease. Thus,…
The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) just released a new breast cancer mammography screening recommendation. It advised that mammography should start at age 40, though the report nowhere mentions this new start. The Task Force’s full report is appended below. Here are some direct quotations from the report which presumably contain the evidence for…
Screening for disease is not as straightforward as it may seem on cursory examination. Sometimes it does not influence the course of the screened for disease and other times it may cause more harm than good as early intervention may result in more morbidity than if the disease had been undiagnosed. Then there is the…
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is an advanced form of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD is caused by a buildup of fat in the liver and is the most common form of liver disease in the United States. It affects patients who drink little to no alcohol. The fatty deposits occur when the liver can no…